Hi Dave Jims Article was entitled "Unisons - The effect of tuning on persistence and timbre" September 1982. Its a good read and it shows (I think) where the present idea that the pin is the kind of support the article refers too in the pendulum analogy, and that falseness is caused by horizontal movment of same support. Give it a read. My take is that, well aside from the obvious observation that loose pins and the presence of false beats do not occur simultaneously more then what can be called randomly, the article just shows how a termination for an oscillating object can alter the period of the object. A better interpretation to translate to pianos IMHO would be to say that the bridge and pin assembly as a whole can come to oscillate in phase with one (or more) frequencies of the string and in one (or more) direction. This fits better with the more technical article in the 5 lectures, and explains why loose pins can not be statistically associated with false beats. It also eliminates the whole problem with this horizontal motion of the pin thing. Your comments relative to longitudinal modes are interesting, and I see where you are going. Tho the longitudinal modes are very much higher frequencies then the transverse we ultimately hear in much of the piano....especially where the classic false beat is usually a big problem... there is perhaps no reason why these could not create a false beat.... if and only if there are two horizontals at nearly the same frequency... and I dont think they function this way... but perhaps I am wrong. In anycase one is still confronted with some clear observational data that as I mentioned cant be ignored. Cheers RicB Ric, Paul, & All - Shooting from the hip, so to speak. I've been accurately (but well-meaningly) chastised in the past for not actively trying to find the answers to the questions I ask. I'm coming to accept that answers are not my roll. Perhaps something to aspire to. In any case, I'll pick through Ric's post below and refer to one item of Paul's. For the sake of space, I'm deleting all but the specific quote, so it would be necessary for a reader to access the original post to fully understand (if that ware possible)' At 06:41 AM 2/18/2007, you wrote: >Hi Paul. > > Jim Ellis's article from way back. Can you better identify the source?
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