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<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=2><FONT color=#0000ff><SPAN
class=268413916-18032011>The following are based on my limited rembrance of
engineering studies on vibrating systems with a single event forcing function
(the hammer blow). I wonder if what this curve is showing is the initial sound
contains a great deal of inharmonic noise. Without continued external excitement
the system wants to settle into vibrating at its natural frequency with its
attendent natural frequency partials. What I wonder is if the steep curve
represents the brief period of extra chaos where the un-natural partials will
rob more energy out of the vibrating string. As they fade away and the
natural partials remain, those natural partials will rob less energy which then
slows the rate of decay.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=2><FONT color=#0000ff><SPAN
class=268413916-18032011></SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=2><FONT color=#0000ff><SPAN
class=268413916-18032011>Belly systems that favor extra extraneous noise will
have reduced bloom. Belly systems that enhance the natural frequency through
good terminations and matched impedence will have the knee in the curve
appearing sooner. </SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=2><FONT color=#0000ff><SPAN
class=268413916-18032011></SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr align=left><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=2><FONT color=#0000ff><SPAN
class=268413916-18032011>Dean</SPAN></FONT></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr lang=en-us class=OutlookMessageHeader align=left>
<HR tabIndex=-1>
<FONT size=2 face=Tahoma><B>From:</B> pianotech-bounces@ptg.org
[mailto:pianotech-bounces@ptg.org] <B>On Behalf Of </B>Delwin D
Fandrich<BR><B>Sent:</B> Friday, March 18, 2011 3:15 AM<BR><B>To:</B>
pianotech@ptg.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [pianotech] What is
bloom,<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV class=WordSection1>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 9pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Cronos Pro','sans-serif'">Yes, well, I continue to wonder
just what it is that we’re actually hearing. Below is an idealized illustration
of what is happening at, and following, hammer impact. (It’s a little more
idealized than I would like but I don’t have any of my own on this computer.
This one is borrowed from the Five Lectures website.)The hammer strikes the
strings at about 3 sec. There is a chaotic spike immediately following (the
period of chaos is typically a bit wider than shown here). The sound immediately
begins to decay at some fairly rapid rate but, for this note, at around 5 sec.
the rate of decay changes. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: 12.0pt"
class=MsoNormal align=center><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Cronos Pro Light','sans-serif'"><IMG id=Picture_x0020_4
alt="Description: Description: Fig 1. Typical decay of a piano tone as illustrated by the sound pressure level versus time (Eb3 = 311 Hz). The decay process is divided into two parts; an initial attack part with a fast decay (prompt sound) followed by a sustained part with slow decay (aftersound)."
src="cid:268413916@18032011-3158" width=301 height=223></SPAN></B><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Cronos Pro Light','sans-serif'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 9pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Cronos Pro','sans-serif'">From what I’ve been able to
figure out, the knee (at around 5 or 6 sec.) is where the strings vibration
pattern changes from a predominately transverse motion (perpendicular to the
bridge) to a more random, or rotational pattern. The note is still dying out but
at a slower rate. It continues thus until the sound dies out or, as in this
illustration, the damper drops.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 9pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Cronos Pro','sans-serif'">In all the samples I’ve recorded
and studied over the years I’ve never seen the sound level increase after hammer
impact and that first chaotic wave pattern. They all end up looking like some
variation of this. More ragged and uneven sometimes but they follow this
generally pattern. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 9pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Cronos Pro','sans-serif'">It leaves me wondering if what we
think we hear as “bloom” isn’t at least partially—perhaps
predominately—psychoacoustic. Our ears—or our brain’s interpretation of what our
ears detect—quickly become accustomed to that rapid drop-off following the
chaotic hammer impact and, when the waveform gets to the knee and the decay rate
slows (sometimes dramatically) we interpret the change as
“bloom.”<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 9pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Cronos Pro','sans-serif'"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 15pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 9pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Cronos Pro','sans-serif'">ddf</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; COLOR: #632423; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Delwin D
Fandrich</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #632423; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; COLOR: #632423; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Piano
Design & Fabrication</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #632423; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #632423; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">6939
Foothill Court SW, </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; COLOR: #632423; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Olympia,
Washington 98512 USA<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; COLOR: #632423; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Phone
360.736.7563 — Cell 360.388.6525</SPAN><SPAN
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<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; COLOR: #632423; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><A
href="mailto:del@fandrichpiano.com%20"><SPAN
style="COLOR: blue">del@fandrichpiano.com </SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN
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</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; COLOR: #632423; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><A
href="mailto:ddfandrich@gmail.com"><SPAN
style="COLOR: blue">ddfandrich@gmail.com</SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; COLOR: navy; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt" class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">From:</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">
pianotech-bounces@ptg.org [mailto:pianotech-bounces@ptg.org] <B>On Behalf Of
</B>Dale Erwin<BR><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, March 17, 2011 5:20 PM<BR><B>To:</B>
pianotech@ptg.org<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [pianotech] What is
bloom,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt" class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS'; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Del<BR>
Understood. I can't measure it empirically either. Fortunately we can hear
it.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></BODY></HTML>