<HTML><BODY BGCOLOR="#d8d0c8">Del, Thanks for the information.  I appreciate you taking the time to re= iterate old news..:-). Dave Stahl In a message dated 4/28/03 1:54:27 PM Pacific Daylight Time, pianobuilde= rs@olynet.com writes: <BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-= LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px"> <BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-= LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">----- Original Message ----= - From: <A HREF="mailto:Piannaman@aol.com">Piannaman@aol.com</A> To: <A HREF="mailto:pianotech@ptg.org">pianotech@ptg.org</A> Sent: Monday, April 28, 2003 6:52 AM Subject: Re: hammer velocity Joe, If you figure the jack is pushing on the knuckle, it would be causing th= e shank to bend backwards(downward).  When let-off occurs, I'd think th= at the hammer head would then catch up with the rest of the shank.... I'm just suggesting this as a possibility.  I claim no extensive kn= owledge of physics..... Dave </BLOCKQUOTE> Sigh. It's back to the Journal again. Only at pianissmo is t= here a direct relationship between the motion of the key end and the hammer.= Since this is typically what we see at the regulating bench we make the asu= mption that this is what occurs in the piano under normal play. In fact as o= ne approaches forte the key motion precedes that of the hammer by an increas= ing amount. Indeed, in a typical "modern" concert grand the keys in the bass= up through the mid-range will have fully bottomed somewhat before the hamme= r begins to move. From that point on energy is moving through the system and= is being delayed by the compression and flexing of the various action compo= nents. At this point there is no longer any hope for subtlty. Del <BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff 2px solid; MARGIN-= LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px"> </BLOCKQUOTE> </BLOCKQUOTE> </HTML>