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<BODY bgColor=#ffffff>imho, whenever I find a piano 1/2 step flat=
it is because it was never brought up to pitch in the original=
tunings or was never tuned since new...that happens<BR><BR>David=
I.<BR><BR><BR><BR><BR>
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Original message<BR>From: Michael Gamble=
<MICHAEL@GAMBLES.FSNET.CO.UK><BR>To: Farrell=
<MFARREL2@TAMPABAY.RR.COM>, <PIANOTECH@PTG.ORG><BR>Received:=
Thu, 12 May 2005 14:47:48 +0100<BR>Subject: Re: Grist for the=
Mill<BR><BR>
<DIV align=left><FONT face=Arial>Hello Farrell and=
List</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>I often am called to pianos which haven't=
seen a tuner for many, many years. Frequently I find them just a=
tad down. Sometimes I find them a tone down.... Let's face it -=
it depends on a multiplicity of factors not least of which is=
Humidity, Central Heating, being kept in a lean-to conservatory,=
in a stone-built church, a theatre, Opera House, you name it=
there are too many combinations out there to come to any=
reasonable conclusion. Last week I went to an old friend (a=
piano, of course!) which I hadn't seen for about ten years. The=
owner had put it into storage three times, had given it to her=
daughter then the daughter moved and it went back into storage.=
Now it is in an old flint built farm cottage near the river Ouse=
and I went to tune it again. "Hello my old friend" I thought "I=
haven't seen you for a while - and how is this Collard &=
Collard upright?" Actually it was just about spot on! So how can=
one generalise? I do find some old pianos with up to four turns=
in the coil but I am sure that was so originally and=
not as a result of long-term bringing up to pitch. I have an=
ancient Bord WOOD FRAME upright (French piano) I go to once a=
year (or longer) and it too stays in tune quite acceptably. The=
owner is a singer and the children play string instruments so=
they would know if it went out. Amazing!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Regards from a blowy and sunny Sussex=
village</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Michael G.(UK)</FONT></DIV>
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<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message -----=
</DIV>
<DIV style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color:=
black"><B>From:</B> <A title=mfarrel2@tampabay.rr.com=
href="mailto:mfarrel2@tampabay.rr.com">Farrell</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A=
title=pianotech@ptg.org=
href="mailto:pianotech@ptg.org">Pianotech</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, May 12, 2005=
3:03 AM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: Grist for the=
Mill</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>5 cents per year? Quite unreasonable. With=
only one exception, pianos that I tune regularly - at least once=
per year (and most only once per year) - never need a pitch=
raise - and if any were 5 cents flat, it would need a pitch=
raise. Two cents or less per year would be my estimate. Do you=
find pianos that have not been tuned for 10 years to be 50 cents=
flat? I find that it takes more like 25 or 30 years (or=
more) to go 50 cents flat.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Terry Farrell</FONT></DIV>
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<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"> </DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>Oh, yeah? Well they laughed at Rodney Dangerfield, too!=
</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Okay, maybe it's a not-so-stable piano, who knows? As we go=
about tuning, let's all the folks with ETDs experiment a time or=
two ... </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>How far do you you turn a pin to bring a piano up 50 cents?=
Let's say the sucker is only tuned every ten years, falling 5=
cents a year (not unreasonable, Shirley). That makes 10 tunings=
at 50 cents flat each time. I'm thinking that's good for about 4=
additional coils, minimum ....</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Let the Cyberspace Electrons fly! It ain't over yet ...=
the fat lady is still in the wings, eating wings, awaiting a=
curtain call.*</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>Alan Barnard</DIV>
<DIV>Helmut Still On, One Minor Dent, in Salem, MO</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>*You can identify the call of the Western Red-Tufted Curtain=
by its swooping hoop, rising half a semitone while the bird=
lifts its head up about 135 degrees (Fahrenheit).</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></DIV>
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<DIV style="FONT: 10pt Arial">----- Original Message -----=
</DIV>
<DIV style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color:=
black"><B>From:</B> <A title=mfarrel2@tampabay.rr.com=
href="mailto:mfarrel2@tampabay.rr.com">Farrell</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To: </B><A=
title=pianotech@ptg.org=
href="mailto:pianotech@ptg.org">Pianotech</A></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> 05/11/2005 8:18:33 PM=
</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: Grist for the=
Mill</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV><FONT size=2>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>A 30 degree turn of a tuning pin every year=
on a stable piano? No way!</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Calculate the pitch increase with a 30=
degree rotation on a 2/0 pin - even the 7.5 degree=
rotation - I suspect you will very quickly realize your=
numbers are grossly excessive.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Unless, of course, I am wrong. But I don't=
think so.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Terry Farrell</FONT></DIV>
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<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message -----=
</DIV>
<DIV style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color:=
black"><B>From:</B> <A title=tune4u@earthlink.net=
href="mailto:tune4u@earthlink.net">alan and carolyn barnard</A>=
</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A=
title=pianotech@ptg.org=
href="mailto:pianotech@ptg.org">Pianotech</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, May 11,=
2005 8:50 PM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Grist for the=
Mill</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial></FONT><BR></DIV>
<P>
<DIV>We recently had a long dialog on here about the actual=
changes in a piano that has gone flat. There was much poo-pooing=
(can we say that on TV?) from some folks of the notion=
that tuning pins turned counter-clockwise when pianos go=
flat. Their arguments were logical and some folks even=
produced mathematics to demonstrated that pin reversal is=
unlikely.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>BUT ...</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I was thinking about this on my way home from PTG chapter=
meeting (2.5 hr drive) and came up with a little point of logic=
which suggests that the pins MUST move. See what you think=
...</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Virtually all pianos go flat over longish time periods and=
certainly are found flat more often than sharp if you go through=
a whole cycle of season changes, i.e., an annual tuning. When=
we bring a flat string up to pitch, it tends to increase=
the width of the coil slightly every time we turn the pin. If=
the pin is turned one full revolution--360=
degrees--over years of tuning, this would add the thickness=
dimension of the wire to the overall coil width and one=
full wire wrap to the number of coils. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>You with me?</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>So let's take a hypothetical piano string--say a very stable=
1905 Howard upright A4 middle string--that has averaged (let's=
be conservative...) falling flat enough that a 7.5=
degree turn of the pin was required each year to bring it=
up to pitch. Now 7.5 degrees is a fairly small=
annual adjustment, just a little tweak, actually. Ce n'est=
pas? It's only 1/6 if a quarter turn.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>So, between 1905 and 2005, we have turned that string's=
pin 100 X 7.5 = 750 degrees, more than two full=
turns.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>How many old pianos do we run into that have five or more=
coils on the pin? I never noticed any. In fact,=
most seem to have the original 3 coils standing about as far=
from the plate as the day it was strung--unless someone has=
hammered them in, in which case it's still only about 3=
coils!</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>Pause ... thinkin on that?</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Now strings must become ever so slightly thinner as they=
stretch, especially in the earlier years. So, for the string to=
produce the same pitch, the string tension required would be=
ever so slightly less over time. This would have a very slight=
mitigating effect on the thought puzzle proposed above. But=
nowhere near enough to explain 100 years of flatness, methinks.=
And ven if the string is stretching, you would still be adding=
linear length to the coil every time.
<DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>I believe, in fact, that about a 30 annual correction, or=
more, would be very common. Think about your own=
real-world, real-piano experience. Visualize pulling=
your tuning hammer through a 30 degree arc, i.e., 1/3=
of a quarter turn. That's still a pretty darned small=
once-a-year adjustment. So, I think my estimates here have=
been very, very conservative.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Anyway, at 30 degrees the piano would have to have=
a total of 8+ full coils on every pin if the pin never turned=
backward.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Your turn or, as we used to say in Viet Nam .... I n c o m i=
n g ! ! ! </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Alan Barnard</DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Hunkered in the Bunker in Salem, MO</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
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