Greetings, I would like to offer the following from Margo Schulter inre intonation and musical history. I think it is instructive to observe how some current theorists are behaving amongst themselves! (No, I don't understand all of it, but am posting it in the hopes that it may help some of us "fill in the gaps" in our understanding of where we, intonationally, came from. Regards, Ed Foote RPT From: "M. Schulter" <MSCHULTER@VALUE.NET> Subject: Re: Canto Sacro -- Welcome to Maurizio Umberto Puxeddu Hello, there, and in response to a question from Maurizio Umberto Puxeddu, I would like to say, speaking only for myself although citing also the musical efforts of various other contributors to this Tuning List, that I regard just intonation or "JI" as a very diverse category of tunings, and that I am also very involved with a range of temperaments, including now and then 24-tone equal temperament (24-tET). Please know that you are not alone, as I'm sure that other contributors here such as Dan Stearns with his many scales and temperaments, and Jacky Ligon with his complex and subtle ratios, can reassure you. As John deLaubenfels has remarked, there is a wide range of musical tastes on this list, and his own innovative contributions in the area of variable adaptive tuning have sparked admiration from people who may themselves be involved with quite different styles of music or tuning systems. First of all, I regard "JI" as an approach to tuning based on integer ratios, rather than a specific tuning or musical style: a "JI" major third might be 81:64 (medieval Pythagorean), 5:4 (Renaissance), 9:7 or 14:11 or 21:17 or sometimes 13:10 (neo-Gothic), and so on. Various temperaments from Renaissance meantone to a 21st-century neo-serialist 11-tET or 13-tET to Gary Morrison's 88-CET (88-cent equal temperament) present variations on this spectrum -- not to omit Paul Erlich's decatonic scale and tetradic harmony in 22-tET. Here I've been mostly addressing European and derived music, but of course the tuning systems of many world cultures offer a much greater range of diversity, from the pelog and slendro of gamelan to the complex sonorities of Japanese gagaku and the 17-note Pythagorean systems of Arabic or Persian traditions at once curiously familiar to me from a Gothic/neo-Gothic perspective, and yet quite different with their own independent musical languages. One very important point I might make about my own preferences, and suspect that others might make about theirs, is that such preferences are often intimately related to specific musical styles. For example, John deLaubenfels and I might have very different views about the best integer ratios for major thirds -- because these intervals may have radically different roles in our respective preferred styles. Perotin or Landini does not sound like Vicentino, who in turn does not sound like Bach or modern jazz or barbershop -- and if the music is different, the most "just" or fitting tunings are likely to differ also. The same statement applies for the temperaments which may be most pleasingly tempered to a given style. Personally I find 24-tET a fascinating system because it combines near-just fifths and slightly subdued major thirds (400 cents, or about 8 cents narrower than the usual Pythagorean 81:64) with very close approximations of 13:10 (450 cents or 9/24 octave) and 15:13 (250 cents or 5/24 octave), and also 26:15 (950 cents or 19/24 octave). The 950-cent interval, for example, can serve as either a wide major sixth or a narrow minor seventh. Also, from a "JI-oriented" point of view, 24-tET has fine approximations of 11:9 (350 cents, 7/24 octave) and 11:8 (550 cents, 11/24 octave). As it happens, I tend mostly to lean either toward Pythagorean and neo-Gothic tunings with fifths pure or wider than pure, or else Renaissance meantones for late 15th to early 17th-century music. However, 24-tET is for me a very welcome diversion, a curiously "20th-century" way of looking at things with an elegant symmetry and some very creative ambiguities. Chromaticism is a fascinating theme in many tunings, and as one especially interested in chromaticism in either a Renaissance meantone setting (e.g. Vicentino) or in various neo-Gothic temperaments with steps not too far from the 50 cents of 24-tET, I would guess that you may be enjoying many creative opportunities. Please let me welcome to you to this Tuning List, and emphasize that pluralism both in JI systems and in temperaments is a very important value here. Most appreciatively, Margo Schulter mschulter@value.net
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