Key Inertia

Don A. Gilmore eromlignod@kc.rr.com
Thu, 18 Dec 2003 00:11:20 -0600


This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

---------------------- multipart/alternative attachment
Sarah:

Sure, angular properties are similar in algebraic form to linear ones, =
but they are in no way interchangeable any more than spinning a flywheel =
is the same as shooting it out of a cannon.  To calculate the energy or =
momentum of a purely rotating object using linear formulas will give you =
the wrong answer.  Ideal approximations are often used in engineering, =
but you must first consider their eligibility. =20

Rotating objects have a moment of inertia that depends on their shape, =
mass/density distribution and the location and orientation of their axes =
of rotation.  A piano hammer pivoting about an axis will not behave like =
a point-mass rotating on a string for two very important reasons. =20

Minor Reason: The hammer shank and knuckle have mass; mass that is not =
neglible and that will affect its radius of gyration.

Major Reason: The shank is also rigid, so the mass of the hammer head =
wouldn't even act from its center of gravity even if the shank had zero =
mass.  The center of percussion of the whole hammer (which is nowhere =
close to the cg of the head or the whole hammer) would determine its =
behaviour and a non-trivial (though easily calculable) part of the =
impact would be absorbed by the pivot itself as a result.=20

Actually calculating this stuff isn't really that tough ususally.  I do =
it every day.  But you have to differentiate rotational from linear =
effects.

Incidentally, roller-coaster calculations wouldn't be done my way or =
your way.  Neglecting friction, this would merely involve changes in =
potential energy with respect to elevation.  Radii and the direction of =
travel would be immaterial.  This is one of those freshman physics =
problems...but I'll bet roller-coaster engineers don't get off quite =
that easy!

Please don't get the impression that I'm trying to be a smart-ass.  I'm =
really just trying to help.  This is fun!

Don A. Gilmore
Mechanical Engineer
Kansas City
  ----- Original Message -----=20
  From: Sarah Fox=20
  To: Pianotech=20
  Sent: Wednesday, December 17, 2003 11:16 PM
  Subject: Re: Key Inertia


  Hi Don,

  <<Thirdly, the dynamic motion of the hammer has been described herein =
as a linear problem, which it is not. >>

  Ah, yes, true.  However, the same sorts of principles most of us have =
been arguing apply equally to linear and angular systems.  If linear =
systems are so hard for everyone to understand, angular systems would =
make most people's brains bleed!  It's perhaps more useful, I think, =
when talking about transfer of energy from one component to another to =
another to another, to pretend like we're talking about a linear system, =
even though it really ain't so.  At least then it's possible to see how =
energy is lost in the system, which was really my only point in the =
first place -- before I got mired down in this whole thing.

  But since you raise the point, kinetic energy for a point mass =
"orbiting" rotating about a point can also be described as (mv^2)/2.  =
Also, velocity is angular velocity times radius, torque is tangental =
force times radius, etc.  So it's really not so different from a linear =
system, is it?  Granted, angular moments of inertia are useful for =
describing rotation of complex mass distributions, but for describing =
something like a key lead, which is almost a point mass, aren't linear =
terms really close enough?  If my physics professors had asked us to =
describe the kinetic energy of a roller coaster in angular terms, using =
the radii of curves in the track and "torque" exerted by gravity, I =
think there would surely have been a mutany!  ;-)

  Peace,
  Sarah



---------------------- multipart/alternative attachment
An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: https://www.moypiano.com/ptg/pianotech.php/attachments/14/d5/18/78/attachment.htm

---------------------- multipart/alternative attachment--


This PTG archive page provided courtesy of Moy Piano Service, LLC